THE RANDOM MUTATION HURDLES.
The Darwinian hypothesis claims that one animal species can “evolve into another completely different animal species by a series of small single random “point” mutations. A “point” mutation is simply an alteration of one of the nucleotides in the DNA which “instructs” the body regarding function and morphology, basically changing the instructions. To substantiate this statement, here is a quote from the book The Nature of Life, by C. H. Waddington (Professor of Animal Genetics at The University of Edinburgh), published by Atheneum (New York), 1962, page 98:- “It remains true to say that we know of no way other than random mutation by which new hereditary variation comes into being, - - - ”
The notion that small random mutations can drive evolution, apart from contravening basic common sense, totally flies in the face of all the scientific evidence. There is not a single scrap of evidence for the random mutations hypothesis. All, the scientific evidence points AGAINST this hypothesis, as you will see.
MUTATION EXPERIMENTS.
Deliberately mutating plant seeds creates no BENEFICIAL mutation.
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THE RECURRENT MUTATIONS HURDLE.
The use of mutagenic agents produces only a small number of recurring mutations – insufficient to “evolve” into a new species.
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THE ORDER OF MUTATIONS HURDLE.
A series of mutations must occur “in the right order” to forward evolution – which they never do.
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THE PLEIOTROPY HURDLE.
A single mutation has many effects on the organism. Even if it has one or two beneficial effects, these will be offset by other harmful effects.
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THE INSUFFICIENT MUTATIONS HURDLE.
All the mutations in Earth’s history would not be enough to produce one single average sized protein by “random search”
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